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Bhagavad Gita Chapter 18 Verse 14 (18.14)

Bhagavad Gita Chapter 18 Verse 14 (18.14)

अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम् । विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम् | | १८-१४ | |

adhiṣhṭhānaṁ tathā kartā karaṇaṁ cha pṛithagvidham vividhāśhcha pṛithakcheṣhṭā daivaṁ chaivātra pañchamam

Word-by-word guide:
Line 1:
  • अधिष्ठानम् (adhiṣhṭhānam) — आधार(the body (seat of action))
  • तथा (tathā) — तथा(also)
  • कर्ता (kartā) — कर्ता(the doer (ego))
  • करणम् (karaṇam) — साधन(the instruments (organs/senses))
  • (cha) — और(and)
  • इथ-इध (pṛithag-vidham) — इथ-इध(of various kinds)
Line 2:
  • विविधाः (vividhāḥ) — विविध(manifold)
  • (cha) — और(and)
  • प्रिथक् (pṛithak) — दिस्तिन्च्त्(separate)
  • एत (cheṣhṭā) — एत(efforts/functions)
  • दैवम् (daivam) — दैव(destiny/superintending divinity)
  • (cha) — और(and)
  • iv joined in chaivātra
  • अत्र (atra) — यहाँ(here)
  • पचम (pañchamam) — पचम(the fifth)

English: They are a body, a personality, physical organs, their manifold activity and destiny.

💡 Commentary Note

The five causes of action are the seat of action (body), the agent (ego), the instruments (senses), the efforts, and the presiding deities (destiny).

Learnings from Shloka 14:
  • Multiple Factors:: Every action requires a body, an agent, tools, effort, and natural/cosmic forces.
  • Cosmic Grace:: The fifth factor, Daiva (divine force), reminds us that we do not control outcomes.

Gita/Sanskrit Language Quiz

Practice this shloka vocabulary

Match Sanskrit words from shloka 18.14 with their Hindi and English meanings.

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