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Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1 Verse 3 (1.3)

Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1 Verse 3 (1.3)

दुर्योधन उवाच

पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम् । व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ॥ ३ ॥

duryodhana uvācha paśhyaitāṁ pāṇḍuputrāṇāmāchārya mahatīṁ chamūm vyūḍhāṁ drupadaputreṇa tava śhiṣhyeṇa dhīmatā

Word-by-word guide:
Line 0:
  • dur joined in duryodhana
  • यः (yah) — जो(who)
  • da joined in duryodhana
  • (na) — नहीं(not)
  • उवाच (uvacha) — कहा(said)
Line 1:
  • पश्य (Pashya) — देखिए(see)
  • इति (iti) — इस प्रकार(thus)
  • am joined in paśhyaitāṁ
  • पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (Pandu-putranam) — पाण्डु पुत्रों की(of the sons of Pandu)
  • आचार्य (acharya) — हे आचार्य(teacher)
  • महतीम् (mahatim) — विशाल(great)
  • चमूम् (chamum) — सेना(army)
Line 2:
  • व्यूढम् (vyudham) — व्यूहबद्ध(arranged)
  • द्रुपदपुत्रेण (Drupada-putrena) — द्रुपद पुत्र द्वारा(by the son of Drupada)
  • तव (tava) — तुम्हारे लिए(your)
  • शिष्येण (shishyena) — शिष्य द्वारा(by the disciple)
  • धीमता (dhimata) — बुद्धिमान(wise)

English: O Teacher, see this mighty army of the sons of Pandu, arranged by your wise disciple, the son of Drupada.

💡 Commentary Note

Duryodhana points out that the Pandava army has been arranged by Dhrishtadyumna, the son of Drupada and a student of Drona. His words are not just a neutral report; they are meant to stir Drona's emotions by reminding him of old relationships and tensions.

This verse shows how speech can be used to influence people. Instead of only discussing facts, Duryodhana frames the situation in a way that may provoke concern, pride, or loyalty in his teacher.

Learnings from Shloka 3:
  • Words can influence: Duryodhana chooses details that may emotionally affect Drona.
  • Skill matters: The Pandava army is strong because it is arranged by a capable commander.
  • Watch the framing: The way a situation is presented can change how others respond to it.

Gita/Sanskrit Language Quiz

Practice this shloka vocabulary

Match Sanskrit words from shloka 1.3 with their Hindi and English meanings.

Practice vocabulary